The United Nations Security Council (UNSC) on Monday held a closed-door emergency session to discuss the sharp escalation in tensions between India and Pakistan following the April 22 terror attack in Pahalgam, Jammu and Kashmir, which claimed the lives of 26 civilians, most of them tourists.
The meeting, convened at the request of Pakistan, comes amid mounting international concern over the potential for further instability in the region. Islamabad has cited India’s recent retaliatory steps—including the suspension of the Indus Waters Treaty and the halting of water flow from key dams—as evidence of what it called “aggressive unilateral actions.”
India has firmly blamed Pakistan-based terror groups for the Pahalgam attack, accusing Islamabad of continuing to provide safe haven and support to cross-border terrorism. In response, New Delhi suspended the 1960 Indus Waters Treaty, halted the flow of water from the Baglihar and Salal Dams into the Chenab River, expelled several Pakistani diplomats, and imposed a complete ban on bilateral trade.
Satellite imagery shared with the UNSC reportedly confirms a significant reduction in water levels in the Chenab River near Sialkot, triggering concern in Pakistan over its implications for agriculture and hydropower.
Pakistan’s Permanent Representative to the UN, Asim Iftikhar Ahmad, addressing the media after the session, called for de-escalation and urged the international community to play a constructive role in ensuring peace. “We seek dialogue, not conflict,” he said.
The UNSC had earlier issued a statement on April 23 condemning the terror attack in Jammu and Kashmir, reaffirming its stance that terrorism in all forms remains a serious threat to international peace and security.
With both India and Pakistan being nuclear-armed neighbours and having a fraught history of conflict over Kashmir, the developments have drawn close attention from global powers. While the UNSC has not released any fresh resolution following today’s meeting, the gravity of the situation was reflected in the council’s decision to hold a dedicated session on the issue.
Diplomatic observers say that while tensions remain high, sustained international engagement and backchannel dialogue could offer a path to de-escalation in the days ahead.
In a symbolic and strategic gesture, Japan’s Defence Minister Gen Nakatani began his official visit to India with a solemn tribute at the National War Memorial in New Delhi, honoring the sacrifices of over 26,000 Indian soldiers. The visit, deeply rooted in shared democratic values and rising regional security concerns, marks a significant chapter in India-Japan defence relations.
Nakatani, accompanied by top Indian military officials, laid a wreath at the Amar Chakra and observed a ceremonial guard of honor. At the heart of the National War Memorial, where names of fallen heroes from post-independence conflicts are inscribed, he signed the visitor’s book, reaffirming Japan’s respect for India’s military legacy. Designed by Yogesh Chandrahasan and inaugurated in 2019, the memorial’s structure—evoking the ancient Chakravyuh formation—celebrates valor rather than loss, resonating with Japan’s own martial traditions.
The visit comes amid heightened tensions in the Indo-Pacific, where China’s assertive military activities in the East and South China Seas are drawing concern. Nakatani’s discussions with Indian Defence Minister Rajnath Singh focused on regional security, counter-terrorism, and expanding military cooperation, including a proposed logistics-sharing agreement to enhance naval interoperability.
The meetings also carried emotional weight following the recent terror attack in Pahalgam, Jammu and Kashmir, which claimed 26 lives. The tragedy underscored the urgent need for enhanced counter-terrorism collaboration between like-minded nations.
Nakatani’s trip also complements broader India-Japan engagement. Just a day prior, a Japanese parliamentary delegation led by Speaker Nukaga Fukushiro visited Assam, highlighting Japan’s investment in India’s Act East Policy. Their visit to the Tata Semiconductor Facility in Jagiroad reflects Japan’s interest in bolstering India’s tech infrastructure and regional economic development.
This is Nakatani’s second high-level defence dialogue with Singh in six months, following their previous interaction at the ASEAN Defence Ministers’ Meeting-Plus in Lao PDR. His New Delhi visit follows earlier talks in Sri Lanka on maritime cooperation, reinforcing Japan’s regional diplomacy drive.
As both nations navigate a challenging strategic environment, Gen Nakatani’s presence in India symbolizes more than ceremonial respect—it marks a deeper alignment between two Indo-Pacific powers committed to upholding peace, stability, and a rules-based order in the region.
Compulsory military service, also known as conscription, is a policy that requires all eligible citizens to serve in the military for a specific period of time. It is a concept that has been implemented in various countries around the world, with the aim of bolstering national security and maintaining a strong defense force. In this article, we will explore the pros and cons of compulsory military service, examine the national security challenges faced by India, and discuss whether it could be a viable solution for addressing these challenges.
Pros and Cons of Compulsory Military Service
Advocates of compulsory military service argue that it has several benefits. Firstly, it ensures a large pool of trained and disciplined personnel, which can significantly enhance the effectiveness of the armed forces. Conscription also promotes national unity and a sense of patriotism, as citizens from diverse backgrounds come together to serve their country. Furthermore, compulsory military service can provide young individuals with valuable life skills, such as leadership, teamwork, and self-discipline.
On the other hand, critics of compulsory military service raise valid concerns. They argue that it infringes upon individual freedoms and can disrupt personal and professional plans of young adults. Additionally, the financial burden of maintaining a large conscripted force can be significant for the government. Moreover, conscription may not necessarily guarantee a high-quality military force, as some individuals may lack the necessary skills or motivation.
National Security Challenges Faced by India
India, as a rapidly growing nation with a vast population and diverse geopolitical challenges, faces several national security challenges. These challenges include external threats from neighboring countries, cross-border terrorism, insurgencies within the country, and maritime security concerns. The Indian Armed Forces have been instrumental in safeguarding the nation’s territorial integrity and maintaining peace in the region. However, addressing these challenges requires constant vigilance, modernization of the armed forces, and a robust defense strategy.
The Role of Compulsory Military Service in Addressing National Security Challenges
Compulsory military service can play a crucial role in addressing national security challenges faced by India. By ensuring a large and well-trained pool of personnel, it can strengthen the Indian Armed Forces and enhance their operational capabilities. Conscription can also foster a sense of national unity and patriotism, which is essential for countering external threats and maintaining internal stability. Moreover, compulsory military service can provide an avenue for the youth to contribute actively to the defense of their nation, instilling a strong sense of responsibility and duty.
Examples of Countries with Compulsory Military Service
Several countries, including Israel, South Korea, and Greece, have implemented compulsory military service to meet their national security needs. Israel, in particular, has a long-standing tradition of mandatory military service, with both men and women required to serve in the Israel Defense Forces (IDF) for a specific period. This has been instrumental in building a strong and capable military force that is well-prepared to address the security challenges faced by the country.
Arguments for and Against Compulsory Military Service in India
The debate surrounding compulsory military service in India is multifaceted, with strong arguments on both sides. Proponents argue that conscription can address the shortage of personnel in the armed forces, enhance national security, and promote a sense of discipline and responsibility among the youth. They believe that it can also reduce the burden on the regular armed forces and provide opportunities for skill development.
Opponents, however, raise concerns about the practicality and feasibility of implementing compulsory military service in a country as populous and diverse as India. They argue that it may not be cost-effective and could lead to logistical challenges. Additionally, some question whether conscription is the most efficient way to strengthen national security, suggesting that the focus should be on modernizing the armed forces and investing in advanced defense technologies.
Potential Benefits of Implementing Compulsory Military Service in India
Implementing compulsory military service in India could have several potential benefits. Firstly, it would ensure a larger pool of trained personnel, thereby addressing the shortage of manpower in the armed forces. This would enhance the effectiveness and operational capabilities of the military. Secondly, conscription could foster a sense of national unity and patriotism, as citizens from diverse backgrounds come together to serve their country. This would strengthen the fabric of the nation and promote a culture of responsibility and duty towards national security.
Another benefit of compulsory military service is the opportunity it provides for skill development. Young individuals would receive training in various aspects of military operations, including leadership, teamwork, and discipline. These skills can be transferred to civilian life and contribute to the overall development of the individual. Moreover, conscription can promote social integration, as individuals from different socio-economic backgrounds come together and learn to work as a team.
Potential Drawbacks and Challenges of Implementing Compulsory Military Service in India
While there are potential benefits, implementing compulsory military service in India also poses several challenges. Firstly, the logistics of managing a large conscripted force would be complex, considering India’s vast population. Adequate infrastructure, training facilities, and resources would need to be in place to accommodate and train the recruits. Additionally, the financial burden of maintaining a conscripted force would be significant for the government, requiring careful budget allocation.
Another challenge is ensuring the quality and motivation of conscripted personnel. While conscription can provide a large pool of personnel, not all individuals may possess the necessary skills or motivation to serve effectively. Therefore, comprehensive training programs and rigorous selection processes would be essential to ensure a high-quality conscripted force. Furthermore, the impact on individuals’ personal and professional lives should be carefully considered, as conscription may disrupt their plans and aspirations.
Alternatives to Compulsory Military Service for Strengthening National Security
While compulsory military service may have its merits, there are alternative approaches to strengthening national security that can be considered. One such approach is investing in modernizing the armed forces and enhancing their capabilities through advanced defense technologies. This would enable the military to address security challenges more effectively and efficiently. Additionally, increasing defense budget allocations, improving intelligence and surveillance capabilities, and strengthening diplomatic relations with neighboring countries can also contribute to enhancing national security.
Conclusion: Is Compulsory Military Service the Solution to India’s National Security Challenges?
In conclusion, compulsory military service could potentially address some of the national security challenges faced by India. It can provide a larger pool of trained personnel, foster a sense of national unity, and promote skill development among the youth. However, implementing conscription in a country as populous and diverse as India would pose logistical, financial, and social challenges. Therefore, it is essential to carefully evaluate the practicality and feasibility of implementing compulsory military service and consider alternative approaches to strengthening national security.
In response to escalating tensions along the northern borders, India’s Ministry of Defence has initiated a fresh procurement process for Light Specialist Vehicles (LSVs) to enhance the Indian Army’s operational capabilities in rugged and high-altitude areas such as Ladakh and Siachen. The Request for Information (RFI), issued to both domestic and global defence manufacturers, outlines specific requirements for agile, lightweight vehicles tailored for reconnaissance and rapid-response missions in conflict-prone border zones.
According to the RFI, the proposed LSVs must have an unladen weight under 3,750 kg, accommodate at least four personnel, and provide protection against 7.62mm small arms fire. These specifications are designed to enable fast deployment, maneuverability, and survivability in remote, hostile environments, where Indian forces frequently face incursions and infiltration attempts, especially along the Line of Control (LoC) with Pakistan and the Line of Actual Control (LAC) with China.
Industry sources suggest that Mahindra Defence Systems’ Armored Light Specialist Vehicle (ALSV), already in service since a 2021 contract for over 1,300 units worth ₹1,056 crore, is likely to be a strong contender. Equipped with a 3.2-litre Steyr turbo diesel engine and optimized for high-altitude deployment, the ALSV has proven its effectiveness in transporting troops and conducting hit-and-run operations in mountainous regions. Its ability to be airlifted makes it particularly valuable in terrain such as the Siachen Glacier, where India has maintained strategic positions for over four decades.
The renewed interest in expanding the fleet of LSVs reflects a broader military modernization effort aimed at improving India’s readiness for limited conflict scenarios and asymmetric warfare. With persistent threats along the western and eastern borders, particularly in light of recent skirmishes and military buildups by neighboring adversaries, the Indian Army’s Northern Command is expected to prioritize deployment of these vehicles to bolster mobility and firepower in difficult terrain.
This procurement drive is part of India’s long-term strategy to enhance indigenous defence capabilities while addressing immediate tactical needs along some of the world’s most challenging borders.
In a significant move towards self-reliance in defence manufacturing, the Indian Army has officially rejected the U.S.-made Stryker Armored Personnel Carrier (APC) after it failed to meet expectations during high-altitude trials in Ladakh. Instead, the Army has endorsed the indigenous Advanced Armoured Platform (AAP) Wheeled variant, a robust and modular upgrade of the homegrown WhAP 8×8 vehicle developed by the Defence Research and Development Organisation (DRDO) in collaboration with private sector partners.
The Stryker, built by General Dynamics Land Systems and equipped with a 360 hp Caterpillar C7 engine, was tested as part of a potential government-to-government agreement with the United States. However, the vehicle struggled in the rugged and oxygen-deficient terrain of the Himalayas, a region that poses critical operational challenges for India’s military forces. Sources had earlier flagged the Stryker’s expeditionary design as unsuitable for India’s mountainous border zones, recommending that any future acquisitions focus on vehicles with more powerful engines—possibly 600 hp or more—for better performance in high-altitude environments.
In contrast, the DRDO’s AAP Wheeled variant—derived from the tested and inducted WhAP 8×8—has proven its capabilities in difficult terrain and combat scenarios, including high-altitude deployments in Ladakh and amphibious missions. Designed for flexibility, the AAP incorporates steel and composite armor, offers mine blast resistance, and supports integration of modern weapons like anti-tank guided missiles. With more than 80% indigenous content, the platform aligns with India’s Atmanirbhar Bharat initiative and reduces dependency on foreign suppliers.
The indigenous push gained further momentum with a symbolic metal-cutting ceremony held on April 2, 2025, at Tata Advanced Systems Limited’s Pune facility in partnership with Bharat Forge Limited. This marked the commencement of manufacturing for both wheeled and tracked variants of the AAP, with the first batch expected by October 2025. The Indian Army has already planned to acquire 198 units of the WhAP under the Buy (Indian-IDDM) category. In the competitive field, Tata’s Kestrel and Mahindra’s platforms have emerged as leading contenders, while the U.S. Stryker has now been sidelined.
This decision marks a strategic shift in India’s defence procurement, emphasizing indigenous innovation, adaptability to local conditions, and faster development-to-deployment timelines. By prioritizing homegrown platforms like the AAP, the Indian Army signals a new era of modernisation driven by domestic capability and strategic autonomy.
In a major coordinated crackdown against insurgent activity in Manipur, the Indian Army, along with Assam Rifles, Manipur Police, Central Reserve Police Force (CRPF), and Border Security Force (BSF), arrested 17 insurgents and recovered a large cache of weapons and explosives. The intelligence-led operation, conducted between April 26 and May 4, 2025, spanned the districts of Kakching, Tengnoupal, Bishnupur, and Kangpokpi.
Security forces recovered 31 weapons, including automatic rifles, pistols, improvised mortars, grenades, and assorted ammunition. Additionally, 14 improvised explosive devices (IEDs) and other war-like materials were seized. All detained individuals and confiscated items have been handed over to Manipur Police for further investigation and legal action.
Images from the field show security personnel presenting the seized arsenal on display, with a trained Labrador—likely a sniffer dog—present at the scene, highlighting the crucial role of canine units in detecting explosives. Other visuals depict bomb disposal squads conducting searches in forested and rugged terrains, showcasing the operational challenges in the hill-valley topography of Manipur.
The operation comes amid ongoing ethnic unrest in the state, particularly between the Meitei and Kuki communities, which erupted in May 2023. The violence, driven by land and political disputes and worsened by widespread access to illegal arms, has resulted in the displacement of thousands and numerous casualties. This latest effort follows a similar arms recovery mission in January 2025 that led to the seizure of 35 weapons across districts such as Thoubal and Churachandpur.
The Indian Army has increasingly relied on trained canine units—such as Labradors and German Shepherds—in counter-insurgency roles. These dogs are vital for explosive detection and tracking militants in dense and remote areas, proving effective in the state’s volatile conditions.
Authorities have reiterated their commitment to restoring stability and security in Manipur. Joint security operations will continue with the goal of dismantling armed insurgent networks and curbing the illegal arms trade, which has long fueled conflict in the region.
Ukraine has revealed the Magura V7 naval drone for the first time, following its successful use in shooting down two Russian Su-30 fighter jets over the Black Sea. The attack, carried out using three unmanned vessels, was hailed by Ukrainian intelligence chief Kyrylo Budanov as a “historic moment” in the evolving conflict. It marks a rare and significant instance of sea-based drones being used to destroy high-speed aircraft.
The Magura V7 is an upgraded and enlarged version of the previously known Magura V5. At approximately 8 meters in length, compared to the V5’s 5.5 meters, the V7 features a broader hull and fixed missile launch rails. Photos published recently give the first public glimpse of this naval drone, which combines stealthy design with combat versatility.
One of the drone’s key features is its weapons system. The Magura V7 is equipped with two AIM-9 Sidewinder missiles — infrared-guided air-to-air missiles commonly used by Western fighter jets. These are mounted on aircraft-style rails that appear to be adjustable for launching. According to experts, the drone’s engagement range is estimated at around 10 kilometers, although real-world effectiveness may vary depending on conditions.
While earlier assumptions suggested the use of the V5 drone, experts now confirm that the larger and more capable V7 variant was involved. Its reshaped nose likely improves stability and seaworthiness, especially during winter operations. The drone also carries multiple antennas and sensors, although it may not always be armed with an explosive charge in the front section, as seen in previous kamikaze-style models.
The first Su-30 was reportedly shot down near Novorossiysk on May 2. President Volodymyr Zelenskyy later confirmed that a second Russian aircraft had also been destroyed. The operation, using three Magura V7 drones, was conducted by Ukraine’s Defense Intelligence and demonstrated not only innovation in weapon use but also a major leap in unmanned naval warfare capabilities.
The success of the Magura V7 is seen as a major strategic development. Military analysts believe it highlights how relatively low-cost, unmanned systems can effectively challenge advanced, manned military platforms. As Ukraine continues to innovate on the battlefield, the use of armed sea drones like the Magura V7 may reshape naval and aerial defense strategies going forward.
The National Commission for Women (NCW) has strongly criticized the online harassment faced by Himanshi Narwal, the wife of Lieutenant Vinay Narwal, who lost his life in the recent terrorist attack in Pahalgam, Jammu and Kashmir. The Commission said that targeting a woman for sharing her views is completely unacceptable and urged people to stay respectful while expressing their opinions.
Himanshi had appealed to the public to avoid spreading hate towards Muslims or Kashmiris after the April 22 attack, during which her husband was killed. The couple had been on their honeymoon in Baisaran when terrorists opened fire, killing 26 people.
In her heartfelt statement, Himanshi said, “I just want the nation to pray for him, that he may be at peace. That’s all I ask. And one more thing — please don’t spread hate. I’m seeing a lot of anger toward Muslims and Kashmiris, and we don’t want that. We want peace — only peace.”
Despite the emotional nature of her plea, she faced abusive comments and backlash on social media. Reacting to this, the NCW issued a firm statement calling the trolling “deeply disappointing and shameful.”
“Trolling someone, especially a grieving woman, for expressing her beliefs is wrong. Everyone has the right to speak their mind, but it should be done respectfully and within the limits of our Constitution,” the statement said.
The Commission also expressed its sorrow over the terror attack, saying the whole country is in pain and mourning. It noted that Lt Narwal was reportedly asked about his religion before being shot.
“The country is outraged by this tragic act of terrorism,” the NCW said, adding that it will continue to stand by women and defend their right to dignity and respect.
In a significant move amid rising tensions between India and Pakistan, the News Broadcasters & Digital Association (NBDA) has issued an urgent advisory to all its member channels, prohibiting the participation of Pakistani panelists in Indian news debates and programs.
The directive, labeled “Urgent & Confidential” and signed by NBDA Secretary General Annie Joseph, cites concerns raised by the Ministry of Information & Broadcasting over the use of Indian media platforms by Pakistani commentators to spread anti-India narratives. The advisory accuses some foreign participants of engaging in “false propaganda against India” and using televised platforms to undermine the nation’s sovereignty.
The move comes in the aftermath of a deadly terrorist attack in Pahalgam, Kashmir, on April 23, 2025, where tourists were targeted. Indian authorities have linked the attack to Pakistan-based militant groups, identifying two suspects as Pakistani nationals. Islamabad has denied involvement, but the incident has deepened the diplomatic chasm between the two countries.
NBDA Instructions
In response to the attack, India has initiated a range of diplomatic and military measures, including naval missile test strikes. Prime Minister Narendra Modi, speaking after the attack, vowed a relentless pursuit of the perpetrators, framing the incident as a direct assault on Indian security and unity.
The NBDA’s advisory aligns with a broader government directive issued on April 26, 2025, advising media houses to avoid live coverage of counter-terror operations. The ministry referenced past incidents like the 2008 Mumbai attacks, where unrestricted broadcast was said to have compromised national interests.
While some in the media industry have welcomed the NBDA’s latest move as a measure to preserve national unity and prevent hostile narratives, others have raised concerns about the implications for free speech and open cross-border dialogue. Nonetheless, the advisory urges strict compliance, reinforcing a growing trend of strategic information control in times of heightened geopolitical strain.
As Indo-Pak relations continue to fray, the media’s role in shaping public perception and safeguarding national interests has come under sharp scrutiny, with regulatory bodies stepping up to limit external influence during periods of crisis.
In a significant move to enhance bilateral defense cooperation, India has commenced deliveries of its indigenous Akash Missile System to Armenia. The first battery of the advanced surface-to-air system—comprising four launchers and a Rajendra radar—was successfully shipped in November 2024 by Bharat Electronics Limited (BEL), with a second battery set for delivery by mid-2025. Armenia is expected to receive a total of 15 Akash systems over the next four to five years.
Developed by India’s Defence Research and Development Organisation (DRDO), the Akash Missile System is engineered to counter a range of aerial threats including fighter aircraft, drones, and cruise missiles. The system has a range of 25 kilometers and boasts a success rate exceeding 90%. Equipped with Electronic Counter-Counter Measures (ECCM), it offers reliable performance even in contested airspace. Significantly, over 96% of the system’s components are produced domestically, reinforcing India’s “Make for the World” policy under Prime Minister Narendra Modi.
This export forms part of a ₹6,000 crore (approximately $750 million) deal inked in 2022 with Bharat Dynamics Limited, which also includes the supply of 15 Ashwin Air Defence Systems. These agreements are tied to a broader $2 billion arms deal signed in 2020, under which Armenia is also receiving the Pinaka multi-barrel rocket launcher system with a range of up to 70 kilometers. The Akash system version exported to Armenia is tailored to meet specific operational needs, showcasing India’s capacity for customized defense solutions.
The Akash has served as a cornerstone of India’s air defense since its induction into the Indian Air Force in 2014. It has progressively replaced older foreign systems, including Israel’s Spyder, at critical forward airbases such as Leh. The Indian Army currently operates two regiments of the Akash Mk1 variant and has placed orders for two regiments of the enhanced Akash Prime.
Analysts view India’s defense export to Armenia as a strategic win for both nations. The deployment of the Akash system will significantly bolster Armenia’s ability to defend against aerial threats, particularly in the volatile South Caucasus region. “The Akash missile stands out as one of the most effective systems produced by India, with a remarkable success rate that few air defense systems can match,” noted defense expert Augustine Vinod.
India’s growing profile as a defense exporter is further evidenced by the Akash system being offered to other nations, including the Philippines and the United Arab Emirates. Talks with the UAE hold strategic weight, particularly given the country’s security challenges from Houthi missile threats. The Philippines, meanwhile, is evaluating the Akash system for its Shore-Based Air Defense Missile System Acquisition Project, aligning with India’s push for greater Indo-Pacific defense engagement.
Deliveries to Armenia are supported by a full logistical suite, including Missile Transportation Vehicles, Transportation and Loading Vehicles, and Power Supply Vehicles, ensuring operational readiness and mobility.
India’s successful delivery of the Akash missile system to Armenia not only strengthens a critical strategic partnership but also signals the rising stature of India’s indigenous defense industry in the global arena.
