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Lt Gen Arvind Chauhan Takes Command of Sudarshan Chakra Corps

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In a ceremonious military tradition marked by respect and continuity, Lieutenant General Arvind Chauhan, YSM, SM, officially assumed command of the Indian Army’s elite Sudarshan Chakra Corps from Lieutenant General Prit Pal Singh, AVSM, today in Bhopal.

The change of command ceremony, held at the Corps Headquarters, featured the formal passing of the baton—symbolizing the seamless transition of leadership. Following the ceremony, Lt Gen Chauhan paid homage to fallen soldiers by laying a wreath at the Corps War Memorial, reinforcing the unit’s unwavering commitment to honouring its heroes.

Lt Gen Arvind Chauhan Takes Command of Sudarshan Chakra Corps 1

Outgoing commander Lt Gen Prit Pal Singh leaves behind a legacy of excellence, having commanded an armored regiment and a frontline infantry division. His tenure has been lauded for operational foresight and effective leadership, including recognition from the Vice Chief of Army Staff.

The incoming Corps Commander, Lt Gen Chauhan, is known for his sharp operational acumen and has urged all ranks to stay focused on mission readiness and efficiency. His appointment is also being seen in strategic circles as part of a broader realignment in Army leadership, particularly as India enhances its integrated theatre commands.

Lt Gen Chauhan With Other Officers

Originally raised in 1917 for World War I operations in the Middle East, the Sudarshan Chakra Corps was re-raised in 1990 and remains the Southern Command’s only strike corps. The new leadership is expected to reinforce its role as a key offensive formation capable of responding swiftly to modern battlefield challenges.

Indian Army Signs ₹223.95 Crore Deal for Next-Generation 50 Ton Tank Transporter Trailers

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In a major boost to its operational logistics and the government’s push for self-reliance in defence, the Indian Army has signed a contract worth ₹223.95 crore with M/s Axiscades Aerospace and Technologies Private Limited for the procurement of 212 advanced 50 Ton Tank Transporter Trailers. The deal was finalised under the Buy (Indian-IDDM) category on August 1, 2025.

The newly inducted trailers feature state-of-the-art hydraulic and pneumatic loading ramps, along with steerable and liftable axles. These features enable fast and efficient loading, unloading, and movement of tanks and other armoured vehicles across complex terrain. Their deployment will significantly improve the mobility and logistical agility of frontline formations.

Indian Army Signing Contract 1

Designed and manufactured in India, these trailers align with the Indian Army’s broader efforts to strengthen indigenous defence production. The initiative also promises to generate local employment and build long-term industrial capabilities within the country.

This acquisition underlines the Indian Army’s commitment to operational preparedness while contributing to the national goal of a self-reliant defence ecosystem.

How I Cracked UPSC CDS SSB Interview With AIR-258

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SSB Interview Experience

I was looking at some old photos today from when I was in school. I got emotional seeing how far I’ve come, but deep inside I know I am still the same 17-year-old kid who had always dreamt of joining the Indian Army.

As a 17-year-old, I started preparing for the National Defence Academy written examination. I was not the brightest in academics and struggled. Nevertheless, I worked tirelessly and put in my all to make this dream a reality. I failed the NDA written exam the first time, and then again the second time. I started having doubts—Is this the end? Do I not have it in me? Am I not cut out for the Army?

At the same time, my board exams had just gotten over and I was giving all the competitive exams to get into a college. I got admission into Symbiosis Institute of Management Studies, and prior to that, I had just given my third attempt at the NDA written exam.

I landed in Pune and visited my friend Ayaan, who was a GC in NDA at that time. I was starstruck by the alluring beauty of NDA—the Sudan Block, the squadron buildings, the cadets in uniform—it all felt very personal to me. I wanted to be like them. I guess my prayers were answered because within two days of visiting NDA, I received one of the best pieces of news of my life—I had finally cleared the NDA written exam on my third attempt.

I was elated. All those sleepless nights of working hard and keeping my head down flashed before my eyes. A few months later, I was allotted SSB Allahabad. I was very nervous for my first SSB attempt. I had worked hard for it, but I was not able to make it—I got conferenced out. Even though I gave my best, I knew in the back of my mind that I had made mistakes and could have performed better.

This was one of the greatest setbacks of my life—probably the first time I felt like giving up. But something inside me told me to work hard and keep going. I always told myself how a few years of hard work would lead to a lifetime of success.

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It was around this time I was lucky enough to get admission into Hindu College, University of Delhi, for the course of B.Sc. (Hons.) Mathematics. I struggled to manage my NDA exam preparation and my college semester exams and scored a very poor 5 CGPA in my first semester—probably the lowest in my class. Everybody was better than me.

With great might, I picked myself from the shambles and started preparing for my fourth and final NDA attempt. I didn’t want to study it all over again—it was annoying. I wanted to quit every day, but something inside me told me to never stop trying. Something told me I was meant for this and that if the journey was easy, the destination wouldn’t be worth it.

I managed to clear the NDA written exam once again, and I knew this was my last chance to make my dream a reality. This time, I was allotted SSB Jalandhar. I packed my stuff and headed off. On a personal level, I felt my performance was much better than my previous attempt—but I guess life had other plans. I got conferenced out again. It was a heartbreak.

SSB Interview 1

As soon as the Psych Officer left without announcing my name, I felt as if my heart sank. Four or five candidates from my group got selected, and it felt like I was the only one missing out. I had failed again and was completely devastated. I packed my stuff and went back home. I don’t remember speaking to anyone for quite some time after that. I even had my second semester exams at that time in college and again scored poorly. I even failed in calculus and got a back in it. I had scored 4-point-something CGPA, which was, without a doubt, the lowest in my class.

Days passed and I was not doing well. One fine day, while I was packing to move to a PG near my college, I came across a keychain of NDA my friend Ayaan had given me. It reminded me of my purpose. It reminded me that a soldier would not give up so easily. It reminded me setbacks are common for all—but it is the decision of an individual to stay down or get up and get back to work.

I shifted to a PG and started to live alone—away from the comfort of my home and my parents. I learned a lot of things. I made a promise to myself to focus on all aspects of life. As the CDS exam was a year away, I started to focus on improving my grades in college and getting more involved. I joined a few societies, got involved in departmental events, played sports, and worked very, very hard on my academics.

SSB Interview CDS

Everyone in my class was better than me—and this is what motivated me. I reduced my social life, ditched plans with friends, just so I could improve my grades. It all worked in my favour because I scored a 7.73 CGPA in my third semester—a huge jump from failing.

I talked to a few seniors and found out it is important to have a backup. I learned about the career prospects after my degree, learned about the process of placements and internships from complete scratch. All my life, I had just focused on joining the forces, so this was a completely new field I was stepping into.

I held the same pace for my fourth semester exams and scored 7.82 CGPA. I even cleared my second-semester back exam in calculus. Life was getting back on track. I became addicted to it.

I had started preparing for my CDS written exam from the end of June. My father was posted in Shimla, and I went to him. I used to study 10 hours a day, and I loved every moment of it because I knew all this would push me towards my goal. I didn’t want to leave any stone unturned. My dog Leo used to sit beside me for hours while I was at my study table the whole day and night. He always kept my morale high.

In September, I gave my CDS written exam. When the result came out, I was elated. I had cleared the written exam for Officers Training Academy, Chennai, in my first attempt. I guess the knowledge I had gained from the attempts at my NDA exam helped me a lot here to clear the exam in such a short time.

This is what I wanted. I was managing all spheres of life—be it college, my goal, or my social life. This continuous growth just kept on motivating me. I ensured I learned from my past mistakes and made sure not to repeat them. I did not ignore my college studies and managed them with my SSB preparation.

Also Read: My SSB Journey: From 13 Failures to Success in the 14th Attempt

This time, I was allotted SSB Bhopal for my first CDS SSB. My SSB was scheduled for March 17. I gave my college exams before that and scored 7.6 CGPA. I even sat for placements and got two offers in my fifth semester—one as a Junior Project Manager and one as an Entrepreneur in Residence. I wanted to manage everything, and things were going in my favour, thanks to God.

Then came the D-Day. On March 16, I boarded my train from Delhi and reached Bhopal. I stayed at an SSB stay near the centre and found out I was the youngest of my batch—I was just 20 while all the other candidates were 22–25. The next day, I went to the reporting centre. I was very nervous, but I remembered a quote by Capt Manoj Kumar Pandey, PVC:
“If death strikes me before I prove my blood, I swear I will kill death.”

With adrenaline pumping in my veins, I gave my all in the screening test and got screened in. About 32 of us were screened in. I was allotted chest number 29. The next day, our psych tests began, and apart from my cacography, I believe I performed decently.

After our psych tests were over, some candidates were scheduled for their interviews—and I was one of them. I quickly changed into a fresh pair of trousers and shirt, ate my lunch, and sat in the waiting room. The buzzer finally buzzed, and I stepped into the room of the Interviewing Officer and sat on the chair.

My interview wasn’t the best, but one thing I know for sure is that I was honest and stayed true to myself. I portrayed myself as who I was. The interview got over, and in the subsequent days, our GTO tasks took place. I believe I performed better than my previous attempts.

During the day of the conference, my conf only lasted two minutes—and I knew 100% that I was not going to get selected. I sat in the conf room anxiously waiting. Normally, everyone used to talk and joke around, but this time was different. The anxiousness of the result had everyone silent. There was not a single sound as we all eagerly waited.

The Psych Officer came in and gave us that same old scripted speech (people who have gone to the SSB would know). Then he started announcing the chest numbers of the recommended candidates. He had already announced the chest numbers of three candidates before he paused and said, “There is one more.” I knew that my selection depended on it.

He finally called out—Chest No. 29. I couldn’t register it and didn’t respond. He called out my name again… Chest No. 29! I finally realized my name had been called out and stood up from my chair—breaking the table due to how fast I got up. I said my roll number and joined the other three candidates who had been recommended.

I couldn’t feel anything at that moment. It felt unreal. It felt like a dream. It took me a few minutes to register what was happening. Tears rolled down my eyes—but I wasn’t crying. I was more relieved than happy. I felt at peace. Suddenly, the grass was greener, the sun was brighter, and the air was fresher.

I wanted nothing more than to call my parents and tell them I made it. I remembered all the sleepless nights, the countless setbacks, the days I felt like giving up. I remembered my family, my girlfriend, and my friends who always believed in me even when I didn’t. I remembered Leo, who always sat beside me while I was preparing for my written exam. I’m sure wherever he is right now, he would be proud of me.

I was on cloud nine and could not contain my happiness. I passed my medical exam in the subsequent days and headed back to Delhi. Everyone around me was very happy for me, and I am lucky to have people like them in my life.

I had always wished to meet the expectations of all those who believed in me—and maybe for the first time, I did. As iron shapes iron, I have always wanted to have a positive impact on people around me and motivate them. I really hope that I have inspired people—just by 1 percent—to never, ever give up on their dreams.

I studied for my final semester exams, scored 7.73 CGPA, and bid adieu to Hindu College.

My joining is in October, and I am ready for this new chapter of my life.

Indian Air Force and Assam Rifles Launch ‘Operation Sahyog’ to Aid Landslide-Hit Villages in Manipur

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In a major humanitarian relief effort, the Indian Armed Forces have launched Operation SAHYOG to assist remote villages in Manipur’s Henglep Sub-Division, Churachandpur district, cut off by severe landslides since July 17. The operation is a joint initiative between the Assam Rifles and the Indian Air Force, which has already delivered six tons of critical relief supplies to over 1,500 affected residents.

A total of 18 villages have been isolated following extensive damage to roads and infrastructure caused by continuous monsoon-triggered landslides. Military helicopters and trucks have been mobilized to transport food and essential items to the cut-off areas. Troops are on ground facilitating the unloading and distribution of supplies in challenging weather and rugged terrain.

Soldiers Carrying Ration In Op Sahyod

Officials say the situation remains difficult due to unpredictable rainfall and unstable slopes, making the armed forces’ role critical in ensuring timely aid. Environmental experts point to climate change as a major factor, citing a rise in intense monsoon events by 15–20 percent in the past decade, leading to increased landslide risks in Northeast India.

Amid the ongoing operation, troops reported encountering a painted milestone marked “MASTIC” with Islamic symbols, a cultural marker believed to be associated with a local community. The discovery adds a unique socio-cultural layer to the military’s engagement with the region.

Soldiers Participating in Op Sahyog

The Indian Armed Forces have pledged continued support and are closely monitoring the region to provide further assistance. Operation SAHYOG underscores the military’s commitment to reaching the nation’s most vulnerable communities during times of crisis.

10 Top Intelligence Agencies in the World

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Key Points

  • Intelligence agencies are critical for national security, gathering information and conducting covert operations to protect their countries.
  • The list of top agencies is based on their historical impact, operational capabilities, and global influence, though rankings can vary slightly across sources.
  • Agencies like the CIA, MI6, and Mossad are often cited for their technological advancements and high-profile operations, but all listed agencies play significant roles.
  • Some information, such as budgets and employee numbers, is often classified, making comprehensive comparisons challenging.
  • The rankings reflect a consensus from recent analyses, but the secretive nature of these agencies means some details remain speculative.

Overview

Intelligence agencies operate behind the scenes to safeguard national interests, counter threats, and influence global events. These organizations employ advanced technology, human intelligence, and covert operations to gather critical information. The following list highlights ten of the most prominent intelligence agencies in the world, based on their effectiveness, historical significance, and global reach.

CIA

Top Agencies

The table below summarizes the top 10 intelligence agencies, including their country, founding year, headquarters, and notable operations. This information is drawn from reliable sources, including recent analyses of global intelligence capabilities.

RankAgency NameCountryFoundedHeadquartersNotable Operations
1Central Intelligence Agency (CIA)United States1947Langley, VirginiaAssassination of Osama bin Laden, Cold War operations against USSR, Iraq/Afghanistan conflicts, Syrian civil war
2Secret Intelligence Service (MI6)United Kingdom1909London, UKBreaking Enigma code (WWII), Cold War operations against USSR, Libyan civil war
3Federal Security Service (FSB)Russia1995Moscow, RussiaCold War operations (as KGB), 1991 coup security, Lebanon crisis, Syrian war intelligence
4Research and Analysis Wing (RAW)India1968New Delhi, IndiaCreation of Bangladesh, Operation Smiling Buddha, Kargil War, Balochistan operations
5MossadIsrael1949Tel Aviv, IsraelCapture of Adolf Eichmann, 1972 Munich Olympics response, Operation Diamond (1966)
6Federal Intelligence Service (BND)Germany1956Berlin, GermanyMunich Olympics incident, Libyan bombings, Iraq invasion, Kosovo war intelligence
7Ministry of State Security (MSS)China1983Beijing, ChinaKorean War intelligence, Taiwan operations, Cold War gathering
8Inter-Services Intelligence (ISI)Pakistan1948Islamabad, PakistanSoviet-Afghan War, 1971 Indo-Pakistan War, 2001 Afghanistan War, Kargil War support
9Australian Secret Intelligence Service (ASIS)Australia1952Canberra, AustraliaAnti-people smuggling operations, Kabul airlift security, Chile operations (1971–1973)
10Directorate-General for External Security (DGSE)France1982Paris, FranceSoviet-Afghan War intelligence, Operation Satanic, al-Qaeda infiltration

Why These Agencies Matter

Each of these agencies plays a unique role in their respective countries, often operating in high-stakes environments. Their work involves espionage, counterterrorism, cyber operations, and strategic intelligence gathering, which can shape international relations and prevent conflicts. While their operations are often shrouded in secrecy, their impact is felt globally.

Comprehensive Overview of the Top 10 Intelligence Agencies in the World

Intelligence agencies are the unsung guardians of national security, operating in the shadows to gather critical information, conduct covert operations, and protect their nations from internal and external threats. These organizations combine human intelligence, advanced technology, and strategic operations to influence global events and safeguard national interests. The following comprehensive overview details the top 10 intelligence agencies in the world, based on their historical significance, operational capabilities, and global influence. The list is informed by recent analyses, including sources like SSBCrack and SPMIAS Academy, and includes tabular details for each agency, followed by in-depth descriptions of their roles and impact.

Table of Top 10 Intelligence Agencies

RankAgency NameCountryFoundedHeadquartersCurrent Director/ExecutiveParent OrganizationPrimary FunctionsNotable Operations
1Central Intelligence Agency (CIA)United States1947Langley, VirginiaJohn RatcliffeOffice of the Director of National Intelligence (ODNI)Foreign intelligence gathering, covert operations, counterterrorism, counterintelligence, cyber intelligenceAssassination of Osama bin Laden, Cold War operations against USSR, Iraq/Afghanistan conflicts, Syrian civil war
2Secret Intelligence Service (MI6)United Kingdom1909London, UKRichard MooreForeign, Commonwealth & Development Office (FCDO)Foreign intelligence gathering, espionage, counterterrorism, cybersecurityBreaking Enigma code (WWII), Cold War operations against USSR, Libyan civil war
3Federal Security Service (FSB)Russia1995Moscow, RussiaAlexander BortnikovSecurity Council of RussiaDomestic intelligence, counterintelligence, surveillance, anti-terrorism, cyber securityCold War operations (as KGB), 1991 coup security, Lebanon crisis, Syrian war intelligence
4Research and Analysis Wing (RAW)India1968New Delhi, IndiaParag JainPrime Minister’s Office (PMO), Government of IndiaIntelligence collection, covert operations, counterterrorism, advising policymakersCreation of Bangladesh, Operation Smiling Buddha, Kargil War, Balochistan operations
5MossadIsrael1949Tel Aviv, IsraelYossi CohenOffice of the Prime MinisterIntelligence collection, covert operations, counterterrorismCapture of Adolf Eichmann, 1972 Munich Olympics response, Operation Diamond (1966)
6Federal Intelligence Service (BND)Germany1956Berlin, GermanyBruno KahlFederal Chancellery (Bundeskanzleramt)Foreign intelligence, counterterrorism, cyber intelligence, geopolitical monitoringMunich Olympics incident, Libyan bombings, Iraq invasion, Kosovo war intelligence
7Ministry of State Security (MSS)China1983Beijing, ChinaSong TaoCentral Committee of the Communist Party of ChinaEspionage, counterintelligence, cyber-espionage, influencing foreign entitiesKorean War intelligence, Taiwan operations, Cold War gathering
8Inter-Services Intelligence (ISI)Pakistan1948Islamabad, PakistanAbu Hafs al-Hashimi al-QurashiPakistan Ministry of DefenceNational security, foreign intelligence, counterintelligence, covert operationsSoviet-Afghan War, 1971 Indo-Pakistan War, 2001 Afghanistan War, Kargil War support
9Australian Secret Intelligence Service (ASIS)Australia1952Canberra, AustraliaNot specifiedDepartment of Foreign Affairs and TradeForeign intelligence, protecting political and economic interestsAnti-people smuggling operations, Kabul airlift security, Chile operations (1971–1973)
10Directorate-General for External Security (DGSE)France1982Paris, FranceNicolas LernerMinistry of the Armed ForcesForeign intelligence, counterterrorism, cyber defense, covert operationsSoviet-Afghan War intelligence, Operation Satanic, al-Qaeda infiltration

Detailed Insights into Each Agency

1. Central Intelligence Agency (CIA) – United States

The CIA is arguably the most well-known intelligence agency globally, established in 1947 under the National Security Act. Headquartered in Langley, Virginia, it employs an estimated 21,575 personnel and operates with a budget of approximately $15 billion (as of 2013).

cia

The CIA’s primary functions include foreign intelligence gathering, covert operations, counterterrorism, and cyber intelligence. Its notable operations include the assassination of Osama bin Laden in 2011, Cold War efforts against the Soviet Union, and involvement in conflicts in Iraq, Afghanistan, and Syria. The CIA’s technological advancements and global network make it a cornerstone of U.S. national security.

2. Secret Intelligence Service (MI6) – United Kingdom

Founded in 1909, MI6 is one of the oldest intelligence agencies, based in London. It operates under the Foreign, Commonwealth & Development Office and is led by Richard Moore. MI6 focuses on foreign intelligence, espionage, and counterterrorism, with an estimated budget of $2.6 billion for counterterrorism efforts.

mi6

Its historical significance includes breaking the Enigma code during World War II, which was pivotal to Allied victories. MI6 has also been active in Cold War operations and more recent efforts in the Libyan civil war, showcasing its enduring global influence.

3. Federal Security Service (FSB) – Russia

The FSB, established in 1995 as a successor to the KGB, is Russia’s primary domestic intelligence agency, headquartered in Moscow. Led by Alexander Bortnikov, it operates under the Security Council of Russia. The FSB focuses on counterintelligence, surveillance, and anti-terrorism.

fsb

Its notable operations include managing security during the 1991 Soviet coup attempt, intelligence gathering in the Syrian war, and controversial activities like the alleged poisoning of Alexander Litvinenko. The FSB’s extensive reach makes it a formidable force in both domestic and international security.

4. Research and Analysis Wing (RAW) – India

RAW, founded in 1968 after the Sino-Indian and Indo-Pakistan wars, is India’s premier foreign intelligence agency, based in New Delhi. Under the leadership of Parag Jain and reporting to the Prime Minister’s Office, RAW focuses on intelligence collection, counterterrorism, and advising policymakers.

Research and Analysis Wing (RAW)

Its notable operations include its role in the creation of Bangladesh in 1971, Operation Smiling Buddha (India’s first nuclear test), and countering Pakistani intelligence during the Kargil War. RAW’s strategic focus on South Asia has made it a key player in regional security.

5. Mossad – Israel

Mossad, established in 1949 and headquartered in Tel Aviv, is renowned for its precision and efficiency in counterterrorism and covert operations.

mosad

Led by Yossi Cohen and operating under the Prime Minister’s Office, Mossad has executed high-profile missions such as the capture of Nazi war criminal Adolf Eichmann in 1960, the response to the 1972 Munich Olympics massacre, and Operation Diamond, which secured a Soviet MiG-21 for Israel. Mossad’s global reputation stems from its ability to conduct daring operations with minimal resources.

6. Federal Intelligence Service (BND) – Germany

The BND, founded in 1956 and based in Berlin, is Germany’s primary foreign intelligence agency, led by Bruno Kahl. Operating under the Federal Chancellery, it focuses on foreign intelligence, counterterrorism, and cyber intelligence. With over 4,000 agents, the BND has been involved in operations such as intelligence gathering during the Munich Olympics incident, Libyan bombings, and the Iraq and Kosovo conflicts. Its expertise in electronic surveillance and cooperation with allies like the NSA enhance its global influence.

7. Ministry of State Security (MSS) – China

China’s MSS, established in 1983 and headquartered in Beijing, is a secretive agency under the Central Committee of the Communist Party, led by Song Tao. It handles espionage, counterintelligence, and cyber-espionage, with a focus on military and technological intelligence.

National_Emblem_of_the_People's_Republic_of_China.svg

Notable operations include intelligence gathering during the Korean War, operations targeting Taiwan, and cyber-attacks on foreign governments and corporations. The MSS’s growing prominence under Xi Jinping’s leadership reflects China’s increasing global ambitions.

8. Inter-Services Intelligence (ISI) – Pakistan

The ISI, founded in 1948 and based in Islamabad, is Pakistan’s primary intelligence agency, led by Abu Hafs al-Hashimi al-Qurashi. Operating under the Ministry of Defence, it focuses on national security and counterintelligence, with an estimated 10,000 personnel.

isi

The ISI played a significant role in the Soviet-Afghan War, the 1971 Indo-Pakistan War, and the 2001 Afghanistan War. Its controversial “double games” in Afghanistan and support during the Kargil War have drawn global attention.

9. Australian Secret Intelligence Service (ASIS) – Australia

ASIS, established in 1952 and headquartered in Canberra, operates under the Department of Foreign Affairs and Trade. As part of the Five Eyes alliance, ASIS focuses on foreign intelligence and protecting Australia’s political and economic interests. Its budget is approximately $482.18 million (2023–24).

asis

Notable operations include anti-people smuggling efforts in Pakistan, Sri Lanka, and Indonesia, security during the 2021 Kabul airlift, and assisting the CIA in Chile during the 1970s. Much of ASIS’s work remains classified due to its secretive nature.

10. Directorate-General for External Security (DGSE) – France

The DGSE, founded in 1982 and based in Paris, is France’s foreign intelligence agency, led by Nicolas Lerner under the Ministry of the Armed Forces. With over 5,000 agents, it focuses on counterterrorism, cyber defense, and covert operations.

dgse

The DGSE has foiled over 15 terrorist attacks since 2001 and operates 10 military satellites. Notable operations include intelligence gathering during the Soviet-Afghan War, the controversial sinking of the Rainbow Warrior (Operation Satanic), and infiltrating al-Qaeda networks.

Conclusion

The top 10 intelligence agencies in the world are pivotal in maintaining national and global security. From the CIA’s technological dominance to Mossad’s precision operations and RAW’s regional influence, each agency brings unique strengths to the table.

Their work, often conducted in secrecy, shapes international relations and prevents threats that could destabilize nations. While rankings may vary slightly due to the secretive nature of these organizations, their collective impact is undeniable. This list, informed by recent sources, provides a comprehensive look at the agencies that operate as silent guardians in an increasingly complex world.

China Reportedly ‘Preparing to Invade Taiwan’ Warns Taipei as Civil Defense Drills Reveal Gaps

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Taiwan is confronting one of the most tense moments in its modern history, with officials warning of an impending threat of Chinese invasion and nationwide civil defense drills exposing serious gaps in preparedness. At a simulated explosion site on the strategic island of Penghu, just 50 kilometers off Taiwan’s west coast, emergency crews scrambled to respond—but the drill, part of a national resilience program, has sparked concerns rather than confidence.

Observers from Taipei questioned whether current manpower and resources could handle a real crisis. One senior official, watching a mock aid distribution center staffed by a dozen workers, remarked, “There will be more than 7,000 people queuing up. It’s completely impossible.”

Taiwan’s Deputy Foreign Minister Wu Chihchung issued a blunt warning in an interview with Sky News. “China is preparing to invade Taiwan,” he said. “The population needs to not be naive like in the past.” His remarks underscore the sense of urgency gripping the island, with concerns heightened by a surge in Chinese military activity and the unpredictable stance of US President Donald Trump.

Since the inauguration of Taiwan’s new President Lai Ching-te, Beijing has intensified its pressure. China has conducted large-scale military drills, live-fire exercises, and gray zone tactics—actions designed to wear down Taiwan without direct conflict. The Penghu islands have felt this pressure acutely, with fishermen reporting near-constant encounters with Chinese Coast Guard ships in their own waters.

Beijing has dismissed Taiwan’s accusations. Senior Colonel Zhang Xiaogang of China’s Ministry of National Defence called them “sheer slander,” insisting that Chinese military actions are necessary to safeguard national sovereignty.

Meanwhile, President Lai has responded with a tougher national security policy. His administration has reinstated military court-style systems, deported pro-China influencers, and increased espionage arrests. These moves have further strained cross-strait relations, with Chinese state media portraying him as dangerously provocative.

Adding to Taiwan’s dilemma is growing uncertainty over US support. Donald Trump’s recent remarks and policy shifts have cast doubt on America’s willingness to come to Taiwan’s aid. Trump has imposed tariffs on Taiwanese semiconductors and publicly criticized the island for “stealing” US industry, though he later welcomed a $100 billion investment from chipmaker TSMC to build new factories in the US.

Despite this investment, concerns linger that Taiwan is giving up its greatest strategic asset. Taiwan produces more than 90 percent of the world’s most advanced semiconductors, a fact many believe is central to potential Western intervention in its defense.

On the military front, Taiwan has expanded drone production and asymmetric warfare capabilities inspired by Ukraine’s defense against Russia. But current output falls far short of government goals. Gene Su, general manager of defense contractor Thunder Tiger, called the Russian invasion “a wake-up call,” but admitted Taiwan’s ramp-up is not fast enough.

Even with renewed efforts, Deputy Foreign Minister Wu concedes that Taiwan cannot face China alone. “Taiwan alone, facing China—we will never be ready,” he said. “It’s not possible, China is so big, so huge.”

As the region enters a period of heightened instability, Taiwan continues to walk a delicate line—strengthening its defenses, courting allies, and attempting to preserve a fragile peace that has held for nearly 80 years. That status quo, however, has never felt more fragile.

Iranian President Masoud Pezeshkian to Visit Pakistan on One-Day State Visit

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Iranian President Dr. Masoud Pezeshkian will arrive in Pakistan on Saturday for his first official visit as head of state, the Pakistani foreign office confirmed today. The one-day state visit is expected to focus on boosting cooperation in trade, energy, and security, amid improving relations between the two neighbouring countries.

President Pezeshkian will be accompanied by a high-level delegation including Iranian Foreign Minister Seyyed Abbas Araghchi, senior ministers, and top officials. During the visit, he is scheduled to meet President Asif Ali Zardari and hold delegation-level talks with Prime Minister Shehbaz Sharif.

Although Pakistan and Iran share close cultural and religious ties, their relationship has occasionally been strained by instability and militant activity along the shared border. However, both nations have shown willingness to resolve disputes diplomatically and strengthen cooperation in recent years.

In May this year, Pakistani Prime Minister Shehbaz Sharif visited Tehran following an earlier visit to Islamabad by Iranian Foreign Minister Araghchi. Those diplomatic exchanges came at a time of heightened tensions in South Asia and the Middle East, including fallout from the Israel-Iran conflict.

President Pezeshkian’s visit is seen as part of a broader effort to reinforce regional stability and bilateral economic ties. The Iranian president had earlier hosted PM Sharif in Tehran in May, alongside a meeting with Supreme Leader Ayatollah Ali Khamenei.

The two countries had faced a brief diplomatic crisis in January last year when they exchanged cross-border airstrikes on what each claimed were terrorist targets. However, relations stabilised after the late Iranian President Ebrahim Raisi’s visit to Pakistan in April 2024, where several cooperation agreements were signed across various sectors.

The foreign office expressed hope that the current visit would further deepen the “brotherly relations” between the two nations and open new avenues of cooperation, especially in light of Pakistan’s support for Iran during the 12-day war with Israel earlier this year.

Regional observers view the visit as a key step in consolidating Iran-Pakistan ties and addressing shared strategic concerns in the region.

Construction of First India-Made Hovercraft for Coast Guard Begins in Goa Shipyard

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The construction of India’s first indigenously built Air Cushion Vehicle (ACV) for the Indian Coast Guard began on Wednesday at the shipyard of Chowgule & Company Pvt. Ltd. in Goa. The milestone was marked by the girder laying and erection ceremony in the presence of Inspector General Sudhir Sahni, Deputy Director General (Materiel & Maintenance) of the Coast Guard.

The hovercrafts are based on proven Griffon Hoverwork designs and are being adapted with Indian expertise to meet a variety of coastal security needs. According to the Ministry of Defence, these ACVs will significantly enhance the Coast Guard’s speed, shallow-water access, and tactical flexibility for patrolling, interdiction, and search-and-rescue operations along India’s vast maritime frontier.

The project is being executed under a contract signed on October 24, 2024, for six ACVs. It marks a critical step towards bolstering operational self-reliance in maritime defence, in line with the government’s Aatmanirbhar Bharat initiative.

Defence Minister Rajnath Singh recently highlighted the broader achievements in India’s defence manufacturing sector. He noted that the country’s indigenous defence production has reached an all-time high of ₹1.46 lakh crore in 2024–25, with exports soaring to ₹24,000 crore. The private sector alone contributed over ₹32,000 crore to this growth.

He emphasized that indigenous systems played a key role during Operation Sindoor, demonstrating India’s ability to breach enemy defences. The minister also said that the Advanced Medium Combat Aircraft (AMCA) programme will allow the private sector to collaborate with public enterprises on a major defence project for the first time, reinforcing the momentum of Make in India.

The ACV project is seen as another step forward in enhancing India’s maritime response capabilities while supporting domestic manufacturing in defence.

India Confident of Forward Momentum in US Ties Despite Transitions, Says MEA

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India remains confident that its strategic partnership with the United States will continue to grow despite recent geopolitical challenges and leadership changes, the Ministry of External Affairs (MEA) said on Friday. MEA spokesperson Randhir Jaiswal affirmed that the India-US relationship is rooted in shared democratic values, mutual interests, and strong people-to-people connections.

“India and the United States share a comprehensive global strategic partnership anchored in shared interests, democratic values, and robust people-to-people ties,” Jaiswal said during a media briefing. “This partnership has weathered several transitions and challenges. We remain focused on the substantive agenda that our two countries have committed to and are confident that the relationship will continue to move forward.”

On defence cooperation, Jaiswal emphasized that India-US defence ties remain robust and have steadily strengthened in recent years. He said there is potential for further growth under the framework of the India-US COMPACT for the 21st century.

“The sourcing of our defence requirements is determined solely by our national security imperatives and strategic assessments,” he added, in response to reports that India had declined a US offer to procure F-35 fighter jets following new US tariffs on Indian goods.

The comments came amid rising tensions after former President Donald Trump reportedly criticized India’s ties with Russia and imposed a 25 percent tariff citing India’s purchase of Russian oil and weapons. Earlier on Friday, the Indian government told Parliament that it had not held any formal discussions with the US regarding the procurement of F-35 jets.

Addressing questions about India’s relationship with Russia, Jaiswal said New Delhi’s bilateral relations with all countries stand on their own merit and should not be viewed through the lens of a third country. “India’s partnership with Russia has been steady and time-tested,” he noted.

Responding to reports that some Indian companies may have halted Russian oil imports, Jaiswal said the government was unaware of any specific instances. “You are aware of our broad approach to energy sourcing requirements. We look at what is available in the market and the prevailing global situation. We are not aware of any specifics,” he added.

Vice Admiral Sanjay Vatsayan Takes Charge as the 47th Vice Chief of the Naval Staff

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Vice Admiral Sanjay Vatsayan, AVSM, NM, assumed charge today as the 47th Vice Chief of the Naval Staff (VCNS), marking a new chapter in India’s naval leadership. The change in command was solemnly commemorated with a wreath-laying ceremony at the National War Memorial, where the Flag Officer paid homage to India’s fallen heroes.

A seasoned naval officer from the 71st course of the National Defence Academy, Vice Admiral Vatsayan was commissioned into the Indian Navy on January 1, 1988. A specialist in Gunnery and Missile Systems, his distinguished service of over 37 years spans critical command, operational, and policy roles, both at sea and ashore.

Also Read: Meet Vice Admiral Sanjay Vatsayan: The New Vice Chief of the Naval Staff

Vice Admiral Sanjay Vatsayan at the Ceremony

His sea commands include INS Vibhuti, INS Nashak, INS Kuthar, and INS Sahyadri, where he served as the commissioning commanding officer. He also led the Eastern Fleet as Flag Officer Commanding during heightened operational tempos following the Galwan clashes, steering multiple strategic deployments and joint maritime exercises. His experience includes key roles aboard INS Mysore, INS Nishank, and the ICGS Sangram during their commissioning phases.

An alumnus of the Defence Services Staff College (Wellington), Naval War College (Goa), and National Defence College (New Delhi), Vice Admiral Vatsayan has held pivotal positions at Naval Headquarters such as Director of Personnel Policy, Director Naval Plans (Perspective Planning), and Principal Director Naval Plans. After his promotion to Flag Rank in 2018, he served as Assistant Chief of Naval Staff (Policy and Plans) before returning to sea as Eastern Fleet Commander.

Vice Admiral Vatsayan with His Wife

He later held the post of Deputy Commandant at the NDA and most recently served as Deputy Chief of the Integrated Defence Staff (DCIDS) for both Operations and Policy, where he played a crucial role in promoting tri-services integration, jointness, and indigenous force development.

In recognition of his exemplary service and leadership, he was conferred the Ati Vishisht Seva Medal (AVSM) in 2021.

Vice Admiral Vatsayan is married to Sarita. They have a son, an MBA graduate from the Indian School of Business, and a daughter who has pursued studies in Humanities.