The Indian Army lost a Commanding officer and two soldiers in the India- China face off on July 16th. Sources informed that Colonel B Santosh Babu, Commanding officer from Suryapet district of Telangana and two soldiers from Bihar were martyred.
An official statement from the Indian Army said, “During the de-escalation process underway in the Galwan Valley, a violent face-off took place yesterday night with casualties on both sides. The loss of lives on the Indian side includes an officer and two soldiers. Senior military officials of the two sides are currently meeting at the venue to defuse the situation’. The Commanding officer had taken charge in 2nd December 2019. While his parents stay in Suryapet, his wife and chidren are in Delhi.
NDA 2 2020 exam registration is started on 16 June 2020. NDA aspirants can apply for the NDA 2 2020 written exam online on the official UPSC website. Here we bring you a few important points that NDA aspirants must keep in mind.
The NDA& NA Examination (I) 2020, which was scheduled to be held on 19.04.2020, was deferred against the backdrop of COVID-19 outbreak. Now, a common examination will be held for both NDA&NA Examination (I) and NDA& NA Examination (II) 2020 on September 6, 2020.
Candidates of NDA& NA Examination (I) 2020 who intend to apply for NDA& NA (II) Examination 2020 should note that their photograph, signature, choice of Centre & Photo ID as per NDA & NA (II) 2020 application will be utilised for the purpose of allotment of centre and future referencing and they are advised to carry this ID while appearing for the examination. They should also note that any variation in photograph/signature/date of birth in two applications may entail cancellation of candidature for either of the two examinations or both. Such common candidates are required to indicate their unique RID of NDA&NA Examination (I) 2020 in the application form for NDA&NA Examination (II) 2020. The unique RID for NDA&NA Examination (I) 2020 was provided to each of them after submission of application for the examination earlier.
The candidates should also note that no addition/deletion/any changes are allowed in online application form in the NDA & NA Examination in any circumstances once it is submitted.
Candidates are required to apply online by using the website upsconline.nic.in Brief instructions for filling up the online Application Form have been given in the Appendix-II (A) Detailed instructions are available on the above mentioned website.
Candidates of NDA& NA Examination (I) 2020 who are eligible and intend to apply for NDA& NA Examination (II) 2020 may apply. They should, however, note that no separate written examination will be held for NDA&NA Examination (I), 2020 this year. The written examination will be common for the candidates of both NDA& NA Examination (I) and (II) 2020. However, the results of these two examinations will be prepared separately.
Common candidates of NDA& NA Examination (I) and (II) 2020 should note that their photograph, signature, choice of Centre & Photo ID as per NDA & NA Examination (II) 2020 application will be utilised for the purpose of allotment of centre and future referencing and they are advised to carry this ID while appearing for the examination. They should also note that any variation in photograph/signature in two applications may entail cancellation of candidature for either of the two examinations or both. Such common candidates are required to indicate their unique RID of NDA&NA Exam.(I) 2020 in the application form for NDA&NA Exam.(II) 2020. The unique RID for NDA&NA Exam.(I) 2020 was provided to each of them after submission of application for this examination earlier.
Candidates of NDA/NA 1 and 2 both will NOT have any separate exam and will attempt the same exam i.e., Both NDA/NA I and II will have the same question paper, same exam centre.
Candidates who applied for NDA/NA I will have to apply for NDA/NA II with the SAME registration ID number (RID). Both Applications must have the same details.
Exam will be ONE. But the result will be taken for both the papers separately. For example, if I get 400 out of 900 in the exam, and if I didn’t qualify in NDA/NA I, there might be chances that I might be qualified in NDA/NA II, since the result will be declared separately, hence cut off will be varied.
New applicants there SHOULD NOT BE ANY CHANGE in these things in both applications:
SAME PHOTO, SIGNATURE, THUMB IMPRESSION
SAME ADDRESS AND EDUCATION DETAILS
SAME DETAILS OF COMMUNICATION
MOST IMPORTANTLY, SAME REGISTRATION ID.
NDA 2 2020 EVENTS
IMPORTANT DATES
Notification Release date
16 June 2020
NDA 2 2020 Application Start
16 June 2020
NDA 2 2020 Apply Last Date
06 July 2020
Release of Admit card
2 Weeks before Exam
NDA 2 2020 Exam date
06 Sep 2020
Declaration of result
Oct 2020
NDA 2 2020 SELECTION PROCEDURE: To select the candidates UPSC follows 2 stages of the selection process. As this is a national level entrance examination the applications will be very high to imagine. So, they follow the below method to select the candidates:
Written Examination
SSB Interview
Medical Test
Document Verification
Merit List
The approximate number of vacancies to be filled on the results of this examination will be as under :
National Defence Academy
370 to include 208 for Army, 42 for Navy and 120 for Air (including 28 for Ground Duties)
Naval Academy (10+2 Cadet Entry Scheme)
43
Total
413
NDA 2 2020 WRITTEN TEST: To filter the candidates applied from the whole nation written test helps the conducting authority to filter the candidates easily. The exam will be conducted in Pen and Paper (offline) mode.
SUBJECT
DURATION
MARKS
Mathematics
2 Hrs & 30 Min
300
General Ability Test
2 Hrs & 30 Min
600
Total
900
NDA 2 2020 SYLLABUS: Every aspirant to NDA should go through the syllabus before the examination. This is very important. Even though it is from 10+2 level but the question paper pattern will be a high pattern.
SUBJECT
SYLLABUS
MATHEMATICS
ALGEBRA
MATRICES AND DETERMINANTS
TRIGONOMETRY
ANALYTICAL GEOMETRY OF TWO AND THREE DIMENSIONS
DIFFERENTIAL CALCULUS
INTEGRAL CALCULUS AND DIFFERENTIAL EQUATIONS
VECTOR ALGEBRA
STATISTICS AND PROBABILITY
GENERAL ABILITY TEST
PART A – ENGLISH
PART B – GENERAL KNOWLEDGE
Physics
Chemistry
General Science
History, Freedom Movement etc
Geography
Current Events
NDA 2 2020 SSB INTERVIEW: The candidates who qualify in written examination will be called for SSB Interview from the available centers in India.
Stage I – Officer Intelligence Rating (OIR), Picture perception, and Description Test.
Stage II – Group Testing Officer Tasks, Psychology Tests and Conference
TRAVELLING ALLOWANCE FOR SSB: Candidates appearing for SSB interview for the first time for a particular type of Commission i.e. Permanent or Short Service, shall be entitled to AC III Tier to and fro railway fare or bus fare including reservation cum sleeper charges within the Indian limits. Candidates who apply again for the same type of Commission will not be entitled to travelling allowance on any subsequent occasion.
NDA 2 2020 MEDICAL TEST: Candidates who qualify in SSB Interview they should stay 2-3 days more at the SSB Center to undergo medical tests conducted by the board. To qualify a medical test, the candidate should be fit both mentally and physically.
NDA 2 2020 APPLICATION FEE: Candidates should pay a small amount of amount as fee to apply the NDA 2 2020 examination. Those amount will be utilized for the infrastructure and other reasons to conduct the examination without fail.
General & OBC candidates should pay Rs. 100/-
No Fee for the SC/ST and sons of JCOs/ NCOs/ ORs
NDA 2 2020 APPLY PROCEDURE: Follow the below steps to apply the NDA 2 2020 notification:
Candidates are required to apply online by using the website upsconline.nic.in
Click on Part I and submit your personal and contact details.
Get your registration id and head to Part 2 of the application form.
Select the mode of depositing the fees of Rs. 100/-
Select your center of examination.
Then upload our photo and signature in mentioned file size and dimensions.
Then check your declaration and submit the form.
Download a copy of the application form for future use
5 PLA soldiers KIA and 11 injured at LAC India china border area yesterday night. Casualties have also been reported on Indian side 3 attained martyrdom. But waiting for official confirmation. Tip to remove kid gloves and wear the real one! . Official Statement During the de-escalation process underway in the Galwan Valley, a violent face-off took place yesterday night with casualties. The loss of lives on the Indian side includes an officer and two soldiers. Senior military officials of the two sides are currently meeting at the venue to defuse the situation. “Casualties suffered on both sides” in “violent face-off” during de-escalation process with China in Galwan Valley, Ladakh.
Official Statement During the de-escalation process underway in the Galwan Valley, a violent face-off took place yesterday night with casualties. The loss of lives on the Indian side includes an officer and two soldiers. Senior military officials of the two sides are currently meeting at the venue to defuse the situation. “Casualties suffered on both sides” in “violent face-off” during de-escalation process with China in Galwan Valley, Ladakh.
Gentlemen Cadet (GC) Akashdeep Singh Dhillon of Punjab won the coveted Sword of Honour at the passing out parade at the Indian Military Academy, Dehradun, on Saturday. Belonging to Kairon village of Tarn Taran district, Lt. Akashdeep is an alumnus of Sainik School, Kapurthala. Sword of Honour is awarded to the GC who finishes at the top during training at IMA. Son of a farmer and a government school teacher, Akashdeep’s elder brother Preet Dhillon is an actor.
“The shining sword that Akashdeep was holding in his hands was like a dream,” said Lt. Akasdeep’s mother Birinder Kaur, a government vocational teacher posted at Valtoha in Tarn Taran.
Lt. Akashdeep had got selected in NDA in 2016, the year he completed his 10+2 from Sainik School. After year training at NDA Khadakwasla, he completed his one year training at IMA Dehradun.
Lt. Sarthak Dhawan, son of an autorickshaw driver from Kolhapur, passed out from Indian Military Academy as a commissioned officer in the Indian Army. Earlier, he also stood fourth in the overall merit list (army cadets) at the 136th course at National Defence Academy.
Lt. Dhawan mentioned that his father has worked hard day and night and he has been ferrying school kids in his autorickshaw for over 30 years. “I have seen my parents struggle for everything and always wanted to make them proud. Today, I have fulfilled that dream by joining the Army.” He first completed his training at the National Defence Academy, which he had got through in the first attempt, before joining IMA. Yet, his excitement was marred by a certain gloom.
“My mother is no more to see me in this uniform but I know that, somewhere up above, she would be blessing me,” he added. He also said that he was missing his father and brother at the ceremony.
Indian Air Force has started the AFCAT 2 2020 registrations today to get the potential officers for it Flying, Technical and Non-Technical Branches. Candidates who are eligible for AFCAT 2 2020 can apply for this exam at the official portal of IAF i.e. https://afcat.cdac.in/.
Indian Air Force has finally published the notification for AFCAT 2 2020 for flying, the technical and non-technical branch of the IAF. Candidates can join the Indian Air Force as an officer through AFCAT 2 2020. Indian Air Force invites Indian citizens (Men and Women) to be part of this elite force as Group A Gazetted Officers in Flying and Ground Duty (Technical and Non-Technical) branches. Online AFCAT examination will be conducted on 19 Sep 20 and 20 Sep 20.
Candidates are to ensure their eligibility for the examination, as follows:-
Candidates applying for the examination should ensure that they fulfill all the eligibility conditions for admission to the examination. Their admission at all the stages of examination viz. Written examination and SSB test will be purely provisional, subject to their satisfying the prescribed eligibility conditions. If on verification at any time before or after the written examination or AFSB Testing, it is found that they do not fulfil any of the eligibility conditions, their candidature will be cancelled by the IAF.
Mere issue of Admit card/ Call up letter to the candidate will not imply that his/ her candidature has been finally accepted by Indian Air Force.
Entry, Branch, Course Number and Vacancies
There is no intake conducted for Accounts and Logistics branches for AFCAT 02/2020 for course commencing in July 2021.
How To Prepare For AFCAT Exam Online
Serious defence aspirants can join our full AFCAT online course, the course is specially designed for the AFCAT aspirants that will help them to score better marks in the AFCAT 2020 exam.
Our AFCAT 2020 Online course covers the detailed syllabus for Numerical Ability, English, GK, Reasoning and Military Aptitude for the online exam. It also covers AFCAT mock tests for better practice.
AFCAT Events
AFCAT 2 2020
AFCAT Notification Date
15 June 2020
AFCAT Online Application Date
15 June 2020
AFCAT Application Last date
14 July 2020
AFCAT Admit Card date
August 2020
AFCAT Exam date
19 Sep 2020 and 20 Sep 2020
AFCAT Result date declaration
October 2020
AFCAT 2 2020 Branch And Course Number
Flying – (210/24F/SSC/M & W)
Ground Duty Technical – 209/24T/PC/ M and 209/24T/ SSC/M & W
Ground Duty Non-Technical – 209/24G/ PC/M and 209/24G/ SSC/M & W
AFCAT 2 2020 Exam Age Limit
Flying
Age – Flying Branch. 20 to 24 years as on 01 July 2021 i.e. born between 02 July 1997 to 01 July 2001. (both dates inclusive). Upper age limit for candidates holding valid and current Commercial Pilot Licence issued by DGCA (India) is relaxable up to 26 years i.e. born between 02 July 1995 to 01 July 2001 (both dates inclusive).
Educational Qualification
– A graduate candidate with minimum 60% marks and must have scored minimum 60%marks in Maths and Physics in 10+2 in 12th standard.
– B.Tech/ B.E candidates who have scored minimum 60% marks and have scored 50% marks in maths and physics in 10+2 in 12th standard are also eligible for it.
Ground Duty Technical
Age – 20 to 26 years as on 01 July 2021 i.e. born between 02 July 1995 to 01 July 2001 (both dates inclusive).
Educational Qualification – The candidate must have B.Tech/ B.E degree in notified streams as mentioned in the official notification of the IAF with minimum 60% marks and have scored minimum 60% marks in Physics and Maths in 10+2 standard are eligible for technical entry.
Ground Duty Non-Technical
Age – 20 to 26 years as on 01 July 2021 i.e. born between 02 July 1995 to 01 July 2001 (both dates inclusive).
Meteorology: Post Graduate Degree in any Science stream/ Mathematics/ Statistics/ Geography/ Computer Applications/ Environmental Science/ Applied Physics/ Oceanography/ Meteorology/ Agricultural Meteorology/ Ecology & Environment/ Geophysics/ Environmental Biology with minimum of 50% marks in aggregate of all papers put together (Provided Maths and Physics were studied at Graduation Level with a minimum of 55% marks in each).
Indian airforce will conduct the AFCAT online exam across the country at different test centres. AFCAT 2 2020 online exam will be conducted on 19 Sep 20 and 20 Sep 2020.
IAF will publish the results of AFCAT 2 2020 in Oct 2020 and candidates will be able to check their marks, cut off marks etc on the official portal i.e. afcat.cdac.in
Selected candidates have to choose their AFSB interview venue and date on the same portal.
The screening test is the first stage of the interview, which consists of verbal, nonverbal tests and a PPDT test. The selected candidates will stay at the centres for further selection tests and those who could not qualify it, would be set free on the same day.
The next stage consists of a personal interview, Psychology and GTO tests, PABT (for flying only), on the last day conference will be conducted after which, the final result is announced. The selected candidates are sent for medical examination.
AFCAT 2 2020 Syllabus
General Awareness: History, Sports, Geography, Environment, Culture, Current Affairs, Politics, Civics, Basic Sciences, Defence, Art etc.
Verbal Ability in English: Comprehension, Error Detection, Synonyms, Antonyms, and Testing of Vocabulary, Sentence Completion etc.
Numerical Ability: Decimal Fraction, Simplification, Average, Percentage, Ratio & Proportion, and Simple Interest, Profit & Loss
Reasoning and Military Aptitude Test section: Verbal Skills and Spatial Ability.
AFCAT 2 2020 Exam Pattern
The Air Force Common Admission Test will consist of 100 questions and each question will be of three marks. So total marks for all questions will be 300. As far as negative marking is concerned, there is one-third negative marking in AFCAT 2 2020 exam. For every wrong answer, 1 mark will be deducted as penalty.
Syllabus of the AFCAT 2 2020
English: Comprehension, Error Detection, Sentence Completion/Filling in of correct word, Synonyms, Antonyms and Testing of Vocabulary, Idioms and Phrases
General Awareness: History, Geography, Civics, Politics, Current Affairs, Environment, Basic Science, Defence, Art, Culture, Sports, etc
Numerical Ability: Decimal Fraction, Time and Work, Average, Profit & Loss, Percentage, Ratio & Proportion and Simple Interest, Time & Distance (Trains/Boats & Streams)
Examination fee for AFCAT Entry: After filling in the online application form, the examination fee of Rs. 250/- (non-refundable) for AFCAT entry (not applicable for NCC special entry & Meteorology may be paid online through the ‘Make Payment’ step on the main menu of the online application. No cash or cheque or demand draft (DD) will be accepted towards payment of examination fee. The examination fee can be paid using credit/ debit cards/ net banking through the payment gateway. Applicants are advised to follow the instructions/ steps given on the payment gateway, and also print/keep the transaction details for their records. After confirmation from bank that the payment is received, the “Payment Status” will display “Registration Number” which the candidate may note down for future correspondence. Simultaneously, the candidate will receive a confirmatory sms/ e-mail. This will be followed by Admit Card (with the Hall Ticket Number) which a candidate will receive on his/her registered email ID and which is also downloadable from his/her registered email ID.
AFCAT 2 2020 Exam Timing and Shift
Scheme of Online Examination. All applicants whose applications are submitted by due date will be called for AFCAT at one of the examination centres on either 19 Sep 2020 (Saturday) or 20 Sep 2020 (Sunday). It is mandatory for the candidates opting for Ground Duty (Technical) branch to appear in both AFCAT as well as Engineering Knowledge Test (EKT).
Exam Schedule. The AFCAT (and EKT) will be conducted in two days as per the following schedule:
Note: Candidates will not be permitted to enter the exam centre, under any circumstance, after the pre-exam verification process has commenced at 08:00 hrs for shift-I and 12:30 hrs for shift-II.
Syllabus: The subjects, the time allowed and the maximum marks allotted to each subject will be as follows
Allotment of Centres: As far as possible, candidates will be allotted centres as per their choice. Candidates should note that no request for change of centre/ date/ slot will be entertained. Therefore candidates should exercise due care before deciding date/ slot of his/ her choice for the centre for the examination before filling the form.
Air Force Selection Board (AFSB): (a) For AFCAT entry, IAF shall prepare a list of candidates who obtain the minimum qualifying marks in the Online AFCAT as fixed by the IAF in their discretion. Candidates who are declared successful in the Online AFCAT will be called at one of the Air Force Selection Boards. Candidates who have applied for NCC Special Entry/Meteorology will be directly called for AFSB testing at one of the AFSB centres. The AFSB centres are at Dehradun (1 AFSB), Mysuru (2 AFSB), Gandhinagar (3 AFSB) and Varanasi (4 AFSB). Candidates who opt for flying branch can only opt for Dehradun, Mysore and Varanasi. Candidates who have qualified in the written exam are required to choose AFSB date and venue by themselves on the website https://careerindianairforce.cdac.in or https://afcat.cdac.in in order to generate call- up letter for AFSB interview.
Implementing all precautionary protocols of COVID – 19, 259 trainees of Indian Naval Academy smartly turned up in whites with mask and gloves for a unique event christened as Course Completion Ceremony, in lieu of the traditional Passing Out Parade on 13th June 2020. The POP for any Armed Forces Academy is an occasion usually conducted with grandeur and sheen witnessed by parents, guests and dignitaries. However in times of the COVID – 19 crisis, the ceremony was aligned to follow the safety protocols, wherein health and of safety all trainees is of paramount importance. Therefore, to prevent the congregation of people, parents and guests were not invited.
The ceremony witnessed completion of training for the Midshipmen and cadets of the Indian Navy, Indian Coast Guard, and friendly foreign navies belonging to the 98th Indian Naval Academy Course (BTech), 98th Indian Naval Academy Course (MSc),29th Naval Orientation Course (Extended) and 30th Naval Orientation Course (Regular). The successful trainees from friendly foreign countries comprised seven trainees; two trainees each from Sri Lanka and Myanmar, and one each from Maldives, Tanzania and Seychelles.
Vice Admiral Anil Kumar Chawla, PVSM, AVSM, NM, VSM, ADC, Flag Officer Commanding-in-Chief, Southern Naval Command, the Reviewing Officer for the occasion, awarded medals to nine meritorious trainees. Vice Admiral Dinesh K Tripathi, AVSM, NM, Commandant, Indian Naval Academy was the Conducting Officer. The Reviewing Officer, in hisaddress, congratulated the passing out courses and advised them to imbibe the core values of Indian Navy ‘Duty, Honour and Courage’ in letter and spirit. He encouraged the cadets to keep the fighting spirit intact irrespective of the circumstances around.
The ‘President’s Gold Medal’ for the Indian Naval Academy B.Tech course was awarded to Midshipman Sushil Singh. The ‘Chief of the Naval Staff Gold Medal’ for the Naval Orientation Course (Extended) was awarded to Cadet BhavyGujral. The ‘Chief of the Naval Staff Gold Medal’ for the Naval Orientation (Regular) Course was awarded to Cadet Vipul Bharadwaj. The ‘Zamorin Trophy’ for the best women cadet was awarded to Cadet Riya Sharma.
On 20 November 2019, INA was bestowed with the President’s Colour for rendering 50 years of yeoman service in shaping Naval leaders for Indian Navy, Coast Guard and Friendly Foreign Countries. Ever since the establishment of present Naval Academy at Ezhimala in 2009, this is the first time that the training of a batch culminated without a ceremonial march past due to ongoing COVID – 19 pandemic situation. As the nation navigated the lockdown and the exit in phases, training structure at INA too was modified with effect from 24th March 2020 to ensure adherence to all Government of India, Government of Kerala and Naval Headquarters directives. The training was carried out initially by online assignments, and later with dispersed seating with a minimum 6 feet interspacing in classrooms and exam halls. Stringent precautionary measures instituted by the academy has helped in accomplishing the challenging goal of training more than 900 cadets and the successful culmination of the Spring Term with nil COVID-19 cases at INA.
Altogether 17 special commissioned officers were inducted in the Indian army on Saturday morning with passing out parade held at the Officers Training Academy (OTA), Gaya. Gaya OTA commandant Lt Gen Sunil Srivastav inducted the officers and administered the oath to serve the country with sincere dedication. The induction ceremony, though simple in view of the Covid-19 protocol, was held with military elegance that included a fly past by three micro light aircraft of the army.
All the inducted officers are from lower ranks of the army and they were given year long basic training in military science including the changing warfare techniques like chemical, biological and cyber warfare. Addressing the newly inducted officers, reviewing officer of passing out parade Lt Gen Sunil Srivastava, who is also the commandant of the Gaya OTA, exhorted the young officers to serve the nation in the highest traditions of the Indian army by imbibing the virtues of military ethos and excellent soldierly qualities.
According to a press note issued by the media cell of the Gaya OTA, besides the 17 special commissioned officers who were inducted in Gaya, 81 other cadets who after year long basic military training at Gaya OTA, obtained degrees from Military College of Electronics and Mechanical Engineering Secunderabad, Military College of Telecommunication Engineering Mhow and College of Military Engineering, Pune were also inducted at their respective institutes. These officers too, were scheduled to be inducted in Gaya but could not do so on account of the Pandemic.
At the ceremony at Gaya, a group of 69 senior secondary school pass outs who completed one year training programme at Gaya OTA were sent for military engineering programmes conducted at Secunderabad, Mhow and Pune.
OTA Gaya – 17 Gentlemen Cadets of Special Commissioned Officers’ Course were commissioned into the Army.
As per the state wise breakup of the army officers inducted on Saturday morning, three officers each are from UP and West Bengal, two officers each hail from Assam and Maharashtra. One officer each are from Andhra Pradesh, Arunanchal Pradesh, Haryana, Punjab, Rajasthan, Madhya Pradesh and Nagaland.
As many as 24 gentleman cadets of Technical Entry Scheme-35 (TES-35) course have passed out through the portals of Cadet Training Wing (CTW), Military College of Electronics and Mechanical Engineering (MCEME) at Cariappa Drill Square, CTW in Bolarum on Saturday. Notably, due to coronavirus outbreak, for the first time guardians of the cadets was not invited in order to avoid crowding. The young cadets were also seen donning face masks while marching forth as Techno Warriors, Military leaders and custodians of National honour and security as they join the folds of the Indian Army as commissioned officers.
Wearing a face mask, Lieutenant General TSA Narayanan, Commandant, MCEME, Chief Guest of the occasion have reviewed the Passing Out Parade. The event marked the culmination of the cadets’ training and their foray into their journey as officers. It was the first time that Cadets from the Cadet Training Wing (CTW) were commissioned in CTW itself. Simultaneously there was Passing Out Parades in Indian Military Academy and two other Cadets Training wings.
Due to ongoing Government of India restrictions on travel and congregation due to COVID-19 Pandemic, parents, relatives and friends of the gentleman cadets were unable to attend the passing out ceremony this term. However, a live broadcast of the ceremony on Youtube was arranged to witness the parade of the young officers as they affirm their oath to serve the motherland selflessly and swear to preserve its integrity and honour in every breath. All COVID-19 preventive measures were observed and adhered during the parade.
