‘Make in India’, the initiative by NDA government seems to be changing India slowly. Several small and big changes have been observed in a span of this 1-2 years. Well, these changes have made effective changes in nation. Recently BOSS, new operating system to be launched by Indian government is gathering fame in media and deserve applause. Sources are describing it a stream of Make in India. Indian government in eyeing to replace the current Microsoft operating system with BOSS (Bharat Operating System Solutions). The operating system is going through tests, and reports revealed that even Indian army is also not able to crack the code of BOSS.

More About BOSS

BOSS is the operating system made by India’s National Resource Center for Free/Open Source Software (NRCFOSS) at Centre for Development of Advanced Computing (CDAC), Chennai.  Well C-DAC is famous for PARAM series of super computer. The operating system is based on Linux and is an open source operating system. Made in India and for Indians, it is developed for Indians by keeping their requirements in mind.  It supports 20 languages and is currently made for usage in PC desktop and can be further made for other devises.

Why new OS is required

The question that emerges here is that what is the need of this OS in India, when Microsoft is fulfilling all the needs. As per the revelations by Edward Snowden, India is one of the most watched nations, mostly by China and US. Several hacking attempts catered by China have been reported and are serious threat for India. He also revealed that US government has allowed NSA to keep an eye on BJP in 2010 which was the main opposition party at that time and won the biggest election in 2014. So these factors lead to an acute need of a secure and safe operating system to fence the online worms. The reports says that government will move the offices form windows to BOSS.

Challenges Ahead

The operating system is not yet perfectly implemented. The OS was initially released in 2007, but the adoption of this OS is seen low in government offices and departments. But the version, which will be released next week and is developed by DRDO and Gujarat t\Technical University along with some computer experts is expected to be much better in performance and security phase.

It is not the first time that India has made such steps in IT sector. ISRO has also made its own app known as SAKAAR for android devices with ICS 4.0.3 and above. The app is having a live camera view to represent the actual physical world. Virtual objects are superimposed over camera view using 3D models, videos and images.

Many more apps and software’s have been developed by Indian super minds, marking their expertise. BOSS is the requirement of India and is critically needed for safeguarding Indian servers and data. Most important thing is to make a safe distance from expert nations like China, which have some points of disagreements with India. Last year Indian Air Force has asked its personals to stop using Xiaomi smartphones which is said to be sending data to a Chinese server liked with ministry of information industry in China. So, these aspects are kept in mind to secure nation form external threats and these have to be eradicated first as digitization is covering the nation.

India is going high and high day by day. Last few years have been a game changer for India and have gave several outcomes that have given luster to nation’s status. Education field is also emerging as a field where government’s focus has given good outcomes.

Recently, QS world university ranking was released marking MIT at the top rank. But the news for India’s consideration is that two of the India’s colleges are successful in entering into the list. IIT-Delhi and IISc Bengaluru are the good scorers from India. IISc is the new entrant in the list. The colleges are getting greets from various corners and top personalities. These colleges have become an example for all other educational institutions.

While on the other hand, Punjab government is going to set up 50 colleges and 2000 centers for women empowerment. All those colleges will come under Punjab University, Punjabi university and Gurunanak Dev University. The main focus of the colleges will be technical education and industrial training, industrial and commerce sector etc. The colleges are expected to reduce the need of good institutes in the state and will provide major help in restoring skilled India.

Education system in India is going through many ups and downs. Indian institutes are showing good results on international forum and on the other hand, some policies are making loopholes in education system and making it pours for skill and expertise.

No detention policy of India has mandated by the Right to Education Act 2009 providing an open door for student of up to 8^th class to go to next higher class without getting failed. But some authorities are not in the favor of this policy and they want revival of board in 10^th class. So much privileges for students is not a good sign and is causing lack of skills and basic knowledge in new generation. Most of the states want amendment in this policy.

Skill India has been a vision project of NDA government and aims at making India manufacturing or service economy by overcoming its agrarian image. National web portal for practical training is recently launched, which is aimed at degree or diploma holders and 12^th passed. It will focus on providing practice training to them. The step will strength up the skill development along with e-governance. Security of women is also ensured at workplace with active grievances and redressed platform.

Indian government is making dedicated efforts to improve the skill quotient on the new generation. But medical field require more development and focus. India is going through a shortage of medical colleges and doctors. Government should focus on encouraging students to opt this field by taking effective steps in this filed. Some of the colleges are going through the situation of not getting students in their 2015-16 batch. MBBS graduates are not getting suitable environment for going ahead in their field. Medical tourism must be given more interest, which will improve tourism as well as medical facility in India. Government must focus on this field also and must give more opportunity to provide better medical facility to the people.

Smart cities mission has recently occupied columns in media and is a way ahead to make India developed. So here we are discussing the deep points of it.

What this smart city means?

Smart cities are the cities where smart solutions or technological solutions are used to provide basic infrastructure to support comfortable life of citizens with clean and sustainable environment. Here, basic infrastructure means security and safety of citizens, e-governance, complete IT coverage, smooth and efficient transport system and proper electricity water and garbage disposal system. These areas have to be enriched with smart IT solutions like smart and proper parking and traffic management, complete disposal and water treatment, smart electricity services with efficient meters and robust complains and grievances reprisal.

Idea behind this mission

This mission aims at improving the life quality of citizens using technology and smart solutions. This will lead to better employment, investment opportunities and connectivity for all over progress and development and taking India to a new level.

Its working pattern

The first step in this direction is to decide the cities, which have to be made smart. Recently 98 cities have been declared with a vision to have at least one smart city in every state. The decision of cities will come after a competition amongst the cities, which will be conducted by Bloomberg Philanthropies. After the release of guidelines by government, each state will give names of cities which they want to put in competition. After nomination, the cities will be given 100 cr each year for next five years for proper implementation of projects. After finalization of cities, smart city council is to be formed, which is a US bases body having experts, advisors, practitioners and many more who will make a framework of the entire program. Special purpose vehicle is created for every city which will get support from local bodies, state government and central authorities. The construction is based on different phases. Redevelopment of existing area and replacing it with new technology and building it in a smart way with enhanced infrastructure. Vacant area will be used with smart solutions like land pooling land reconstitution. There are several places where citizen’s participation is required for preparing the plan workable.

Current status

Prime minister Narendra Modi has recently announces 98 cities out of 100 decided, which are to be converted into smart city. UP has got the highest number of smart cities i.e. 13 followed by Tamilnadu (12) and Maharashtra (10). Two cities left will be announced later.

Other project linking smart cities mission

NDA government has come up with some other projects to strength up the mission like AMRUT, Pradhan Mantra Awas Yogna etc. Under AMRUT, government will provide basic sewage, transport and water supply to households by building amenities to accelerate the tasks. While PM Awas Yogna or housing for all by 2022 is a project to provide homes for 18 million people living in slums in urban areas. Non-slum urban poors are also proposed to be included in the mission.

With this, India will get an all new outlook. Till then, stay motivated and be active on SSBCrack.

Current international scenario is showing a tussle amongst all nations and there is a race for power among them. Well, several groups have been framed like SCO, SAARC, G-20, etc but still there is a void between all the nations especially the developed and powerful nations like US, China and Russia.  Last few years have been good for all developed nation as some new banks have emerged on the international forum. So here we are discussing about them and their effects.

Why they are required?

The first question that comes to mind is that what is the requirement of these new banks, if IMF and WB is already their serving the same task. As Asian nations have observe the Bretton Woods Twins (World Bank and IMF), Asian nations have faced reluctance in getting funds. So these banks are the need of developing nations and Asian nations to overcome the need of funds for development and infrastructural enhancement.

Is it beneficial to raise these banks?

Nations like China have aim to overcome the dependency over western powers. The step of establishing bank has both pros and cons. AIIB will support Asian nations to get funds easily, but this will increase the dominance of China over Asia as it is already showing dominance over South China Sea and eying at Indian Ocean.

NEW DEVELOPMENT BANK (NDB)

Establishment – The bank was firstly named as BRICS development bank after the name of the group which led to its birth. The agreement of its establishment was signed in Fortaleza during 6^th BRICS summit last year. Its headquarter is in Shanghai, China.

Need – With the emergence of BRICS, new idea of development of bank came above new development bank. The bank aims at mobilizing resources and supporting infrastructural activities in developing nations along with reducing dependency over IMF and WB. Current shareholding in bank is equal $ 10 bn and none of the country can increase it without other members agreement.

ASIAN INFRASTRUCTURE INVESTMENT BANK (AIIB)

Establishment – China is the founder of this bank, establishing it in 2014. 21 countries signed the agreement. The aim of the bank is to reduce the dependency of Asian nation over western nations. There are 57 perspective founding members also. The bank has it’s headquarter in Beijing, China.

Need – As the name itself describes the aim, the bank is framed for supporting infrastructure in Asia- pacific areas like construction of road buildings etc in poor region of Asia. China has a vision of reducing the dependence of Asian countries over western nations. The shareholding is according to the economy of the nations. The largest shareholders of the bank are China (~20%), India (7.5%) and Russia (5.9%). The bank will initially focus on revival of silk route to give Asian nations a better trade opportunity.

On the other side, ADB was framed for development of Asia, but did not reached the expectations of Asian nations.

ASIAN DEVELOPMENT BANK (ADB)

Establishment – Established in 1966, the bank had 31 members then and now it has 67 members out of which 48 are Asian.

More – Well, the bank is Japan dominated as Japan is largest shareholder. The aim of the bank was to decrease poverty and increase development in Asia and pacific nations. But the voting scheme is according to the shareholding and thus gives power to high shareholders like US and Japan and is closely related to World Bank. ADB was also criticized for several reasons like ignoring the alerts of food crisis, not evolving in projects in Vietnam as US holds large shares, US, Japan are using their power of shares for funding and other activities etc. Well, Asia need nearly 700-800 Bn for development but ADB provided just $ 10 bn making it less interesting for Asian nations.

The technology has caged human, making it an undetectable part of human life. Using technology is not a bad thing, but depending over them totally is not a good thing. Somewhere our prestige and honor is also responsible for our attitude of using thing hazardously. People feel ashamed in using cycle and feel pride in driving cars even for short distances. Recently, authorities have taken a positive step toward it, making it compulsory for all families to have just one car per household in order to reduce the traffic congestion, which will simultaneously lead to the reduction in pollution rate. The extent of devastation of nature is very high and going endlessly.

The extent of urbanization has increased to such an extent that a report disclosed the stats that humans have killed about half a million trees on the earth so far. The total number of trees have declined to 46 %, since the time human have started cutting them. The calculation by researchers shows that there are some 3.04 trillion trees on earth which breaks down to about 422 per person. About 15.3 million trees are being removed every year while just 5 billion trees grows every year and this reduction is going on a large scale on the tropics. The stats shows decrease of nearly 10 billion trees every year on earth.

In an example, China is known for the smoggy atmosphere which has always been in news causing health problems among people. The recent parade in China which was largest in the history of China, led the government to ban use of five million cars in Beijing for parade. And the result of that ban was not only seen on the roads but was also visible in sky. Beijing enjoyed two weeks of clear sky which usually remains smoggy due to pollution. Officials also began to shutting down several pollution producing factories temporarily for clearing the sky for making parade more effective. The clear sky during parade was nicknamed as ‘Parade Blue’ on social media. Just after the end of parade and the ban was lifted, all cars came to roads again covering sky from pollution.

Some cities like Beijing are facing the wrath of pollution while some places in America have made them entirely dependent over renewable resources. Aspen, Colorado has become third city in U.S to power itself entirely with renewable resources. The milestone achieved by the city took 10 years for employing wind solar and geothermal energy. The announcement was held last week when the city replaced 20-25 % of its energy need with renewable sources. Some other cities like Georgetown of Texas is also expected to be fully powered by renewable energy by 2017 and cities like San Diego and San Jose of California have also committed to go on the same path.

Well, these shows that one side of earth is busy in polluting earth and other end is trying to curb it. It is a better thing to take step in reducing pollution, but constant and communal efforts will make a good impact.